Neuropsychological evaluation determines whether a problem behavior is due to brain dysfunction or emotional disorder through behavioral observation, testing, and interviews.  

For children, common questions are about learning, attention, executive skills and developmental delays in auditory or visual processing.  These problems need to be distinguished from immaturity, anxiety, behavior control, and dependency. Often emotional problems result when the primary cause is undiagnosed.

For adults, concerns about mental functions may arise following head injuries or neurological conditions.  Medical conditions or medications can impair cognitive skills. Questions about aging and declining abilities are other areas commonly addressed.